Hands-On-Physics

Introductory Mechanics
Core Project:
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

Complicated electrical systems can be built from combinations of a few different kinds of parts, so these systems are often pictured in symbolic form. The standard symbols for three different kinds of electrical parts are pictured below. A cell (battery) puts electrical energy into a circuit, a resistor changes electrical energy to some other form, and a switch turns the energy flow on and off. A double-throw switch lets you choose between two electrical pathways.

Circuit Elements



Figure C9
Electrical Symbols

When electrical elements are connected (usually with wire) one after the other in a logical line, they are said to be connected in series. If this string of parts is joined to form a closed loop it is called an electrical circuit. The circuit for the Aircart motor is shown below. The motor chosen for this aircart will run on 3 volts, but 6 volts is better for this aircart. To get six volts, four 1.5 volt batteries are attached in series with the motor. For convenience, a switch may be added. The single-pole-double-throw switch is not necessary, but it's cheap. The unused contact could be used to include a "low speed" for the motor. Suggestions: Solder the electrical connections. If you need to learn how to solder, make a pair of clip-leads. Clip-leads are useful when you are experimenting with circuits.

Circuit for Aircart Motor



Figure C10
Series Circuit



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